The Oral-Systemic Connection
Recent scientific research has revealed a link between periodontal disease and a range of systemic health conditions. The mouth serves as a gateway to the body, and the bacteria and inflammation associated with periodontal disease can have far-reaching consequences for your overall health. Here are some of the key health conditions associated with periodontal disease:
 
Cardiovascular Disease
Studies have shown that individuals with periodontal disease are at a higher risk of developing heart disease. The inflammation and bacteria from gum disease can enter the bloodstream and contribute to the formation of plaque in the arteries, increasing the risk of heart attacks and strokes

Diabetes
People with diabetes are more prone to gum disease, and gum disease can also make it harder for those with diabetes to control their blood sugar levels. The two conditions create a harmful cycle, where untreated gum disease can worsen diabetes, and uncontrolled diabetes can exacerbate gum disease.

Respiratory Infections
The bacteria in the mouth can be inhaled into the lungs, potentially leading to respiratory infections such as pneumonia. Periodontal disease is also known to exacerbate existing conditions such as COPD and asthma. This is especially concerning for vulnerable populations, like the elderly and individuals with compromised immune systems.

Pregnancy Complications
Pregnant women with periodontal disease may be at a higher risk of preterm birth and low birth weight in their babies. It's believed that the inflammation and infection from gum disease may trigger an inflammatory response in the body, potentially leading to premature birth.
 
Rheumatoid Arthritis
There is evidence to suggest that the inflammation associated with gum disease can exacerbate rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases. Managing gum health can potentially help in managing these conditions.
 
Other Connections
Studies have also shown connections between periodontal disease and other systemic health conditions including: cancer, endocarditis, osteoporosis, and others. 
 
The connection between periodontal disease and other health conditions is becoming increasingly clear, highlighting the importance of good oral hygiene and regular dental check-ups. At McAdams Dental, we are committed to helping you maintain not only a healthy smile but also a healthy body. If you have any concerns about your oral health or suspect you may have gum disease, please don't hesitate to reach out to us at (480) 991-4727.
 
Find more information on this subject here:

1. American Dental Association
https://www.ada.org/resources/research/science-and-research-institute/oral-health-topics/periodontitis

2. Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/dental/art-20047475

3. Penn Medicine and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
ttps://www.pennmedicine.org/updates/blogs/heart-and-vascular-blog/2019/march/gum-disease-and-heart-disease

4. American Academy of Ophthalmology (2016)
https://www.aao.org/eyenet/article/oral-health-poag

5. Harvard Medical School
https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/gum-disease-may-signal-warning-for-pancreatic-cancer

6. Bingham, C. O., 3rd, & Moni, M. (2013). Periodontal disease and rheumatoid arthritis: the evidence accumulates for complex pathobiologic interactions. Current opinion in rheumatology, 25(3), 345–353.
https://doi.org/10.1097/BOR.0b013e32835fb8ec
​
7. National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research
https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/health-info/hiv-aids

Dental Implants vs. Dental Bridges: Weighing the Pros and Cons
When it comes to replacing a missing tooth, dental implants and dental bridges are two popular options.  Popular because both options are fixed in our mouth and don't come "in and out." Both treatments offer their unique set of benefits and drawbacks. Understanding the pros and cons of dental implants and dental bridges can help you make an informed decision that suits your oral health needs and preferences. Let's delve into the key aspects of each treatment to help you choose the best option for you.

Dental Implants
​​Dental implants are considered a modern and highly successful tooth replacement solution.

Pros:

1. Durability and Longevity: Dental implants are designed to be a long lasting solution. Made of biocompatible materials such as titanium, they fuse with the jawbone, creating a strong and stable foundation. With proper care, implants can last a lifetime.
2. Natural Appearance and Functionality: Implants closely resemble natural teeth in terms of appearance, feel, and functionality. They provide excellent chewing ability and restore your smile with a natural-looking prosthetic tooth.
3. Bone Preservation: Implants stimulate the jawbone, preventing bone loss that often occurs with tooth loss. By maintaining the bone structure, implants contribute to overall oral health and facial aesthetics.
4. Simple Cleaning: Implants can be cared for just like natural teeth. Regular brushing, flossing, and dental check-ups are sufficient to keep them clean and healthy.

Cons:

1. Invasive Procedure: The process of getting dental implants involves oral surgery and a healing period before the prosthetic tooth can be placed. This surgical aspect may not be suitable for individuals with certain health conditions.
2. Time Commitment: Implant treatment typically requires multiple visits over several months. This timeframe accounts for the implant integration with the jawbone and ensures a successful outcome.

Dental Bridges:
Dental bridges have been a traditional and reliable option for replacing missing teeth. Here are the pros and cons of dental bridges:

Pros:

1. Time: Dental bridges can often be placed in a relatively short period. Once the supporting teeth are prepared, the bridge can be installed, giving you an immediate replacement for the missing tooth.
2. Less-Invasive: Unlike implants, bridges do not typically require surgery or bone integration. Bridges rely on adjacent teeth for support, which can be advantageous for individuals who are not candidates for surgical procedures.

Cons:

1. Increased Risk to Adjacent Teeth: Dental bridges involve the preparation of the adjacent healthy teeth to support the bridge. This process may weaken those teeth and increase the risk of decay or other dental problems in the future.
2. Bone Loss: Unlike dental implants, bridges do not stimulate the jawbone, which can lead to bone loss over time. This can affect the facial structure and may require additional procedures down the line.
3. More Difficult Maintenance: Cleaning under a dental bridge is more complex than a dental implant, as you need to pass floss under the bridge to clean debris and floss the adjacent teeth. 

Let's look at what the clinical studies have to say about implant and dental bridge longevity.

​Lifespan of Dental Implants:

• According to a systematic review published in the Journal of Dentistry in 2017, dental implants have a high success rate, with a 10-year survival rate of 92-97% and a 15-year survival rate of 90-95%.
• A study published in Clinical Oral Implants Research in 2018 analyzed 2,670 dental implants placed over a 10-year period. The study found a cumulative survival rate of 97.3% after 10 years.
• Research published in the Journal of Periodontology in 2019 reviewed long-term outcomes of dental implants and reported a 15-year survival rate ranging from 84.5% to 97.7%

Lifespan of Dental Bridges:

• A study published in the Journal of Dental Research in 2013 evaluated the survival rates of dental bridges. The research found that after 10 years, the average survival rate of bridges was 95.4%.
• Another study published in the International Journal of Prosthodontics in 2016 examined the longevity of dental bridges. The results indicated that the average lifespan of bridges ranged from 8 to 12 years, with a 10-year survival rate of 90-95%.

​It's important to note that individual outcomes may vary based on factors such as oral hygiene practices, overall health, and the expertise of the dental professional performing the procedure. Regular dental check-ups and proper oral care can significantly contribute to the longevity of both dental implants and bridges.

Interested in finding out more about replacing your missing teeth? Call McAdams Dental today to schedule a consultation to find out if a dental implant or bridge is the right option for you! (480) 991-4727.
 
More info on Dental Implants and Dental Bridges
ADA - https://www.mouthhealthy.org/all-topics-a-z/implants
PudMed - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26252025/
FDA - https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/dental-devices/dental-implants-what-you-should-know
Mayo Clinic - https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/dental-implant-surgery/about/pac-20384622
 

Understanding the Basics of Fluoride:
Fluoride is a naturally occurring mineral found in soil, water, and certain foods. It has gained prominence due to its remarkable ability to strengthen teeth and prevent cavities. According to the American Dental Association, dental cavities are the most common disease for children and adults worldwide. The enamel, the outer layer of our teeth, is subjected to constant attacks by acids produced by bacteria in our mouths. These acids erode the enamel and lead to cavities. Fluoride intervenes in this process by remineralizing the enamel, making it more resistant to acid attacks and reducing the risk of decay.
 
The Benefits of Fluoride in Dental Health:

1. Enamel Strengthening: Fluoride interacts with the minerals present in enamel, forming a more robust crystalline structure. This strengthened enamel is less susceptible to the damaging effects of acids, helping to ward off cavities.
2. Preventing Demineralization: When bacteria break down sugars in the mouth, they produce acids that can strip minerals from the enamel, a process known as demineralization. Fluoride counters this process by encouraging the remineralization of weakened enamel, reversing early stages of tooth decay.
3. Protection for All Ages: Fluoride benefits people of all ages, from young children whose developing teeth need extra protection to adults looking to maintain their oral health as they age.
4. Cost-Effective Prevention: Incorporating fluoride into your oral care routine is an affordable way to prevent cavities and avoid costly dental treatments down the road.

Addressing Concerns and Misconceptions:

Despite its proven benefits, there are persistent misconceptions about fluoride that deserve clarification:

1. Fluorosis: One concern is that excessive fluoride consumption can lead to a condition called fluorosis, which causes faint white lines or spots on the teeth. However, fluorosis is a cosmetic issue that typically arises from consuming excessive fluoride during the tooth-forming years. The levels of fluoride in toothpaste and public water supplies are carefully regulated to prevent such occurrences.
2. Toxicity: There are fears that fluoride is toxic, but when used as directed, it is entirely safe. In fact, many substances can be harmful in excessive amounts, including everyday items like salt and vitamins. The key is moderation.
3. Natural Sources of Fluoride: Some people believe that naturally occurring fluoride in water is sufficient and that additional exposure through dental products is unnecessary. However, not everyone has access to fluoridated water, and even natural sources may not provide optimal levels for cavity prevention.
4. Fluoride-Free Alternatives: While there are fluoride-free dental products available, they might not offer the same level of protection against cavities. It's essential to consult your dentist to determine the best oral care routine for your specific needs.

 
Incorporating Fluoride into Your Oral Care Routine:

1. Fluoridated Toothpaste: Use toothpaste with fluoride as an active ingredient. For children, choose age-appropriate fluoride levels.
2. Fluoride Treatments: Your dentist may recommend fluoride treatments during your regular dental checkups, especially for children and individuals with specific risk factors.
3. Fluoridated Water: If your tap water isn't fluoridated, your dentist might recommend fluoride supplements, particularly for children living in non-fluoridated areas.
4. Balanced Diet: Consume a diet rich in calcium and phosphate, as these minerals work together with fluoride to remineralize enamel.

 
Fluoride remains an essential tool in the fight against cavities and the preservation of oral health. As the evidence overwhelmingly supports its benefits and safety, concerns and misconceptions should not overshadow its importance. By incorporating fluoride into our oral care routines and understanding its role, we can all take steps towards brighter, healthier smiles for years to come.
 
We would be happy to discuss your particular situation and decide what type of preventative therapy would be best for you...Give us a call at 480-991-4727 to schedule an appointment with one of our Doctors or Dental Hygienists soon!  We can't wait to see you!
 
See what the evidence says about fluoride for your dental health!

1. American Dental Association (ADA) Fluoride Link
2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Water Fluoridation: Link
3. National Institutes of Health (NIH) Fluoride Information: Link
4. Academy of General Dentistry (AGD)  Fluoride Information: Link
5. Clinical research articles available from these sources:
   • PubMed Search for Fluoride Studies: Link
   • The Cochrane Collaboration: Cochrane reviews are considered gold standards in evidence-based healthcare research. They have conducted reviews on fluoride's effectiveness in preventing tooth decay. Cochrane Review on Fluoride Toothpaste: Link